Mary Bell's Complete Dehydrator Cookbook

A guide to food dehydrating shows readers how to make preservative-free dried apple rings, candied apricots, beef and fish jerkies, sun-dried tomatoes, corn chips, herb seasonings, dried fruit sugars, and more. 100,000 first printing. Tour.

Essential oils are highly concentrated aromatic oils derived from plants, widely used in aromatherapy for their medicinal and mood-enhancing effects. Some essential oils also have culinary uses, however, and these powerful plant essences can be used to rejuvenate, or in place of, dried herbs and spices, which can lose aroma and flavor over time.

A number of essential oils have been designated as Generally Regarded As Safe [GRAS] to use as food additives by the US Food and Drug Administration. These include those listed below.

• Basil ......Ocimum basilicum L.
• Bergamot (bergamot orange) .......... Citrus aurantium L. subsp. Bergamia Wright et Arn.
• Bitter almond (free from prussic acid) .........Prunus amygdalus Batsch, Prunus armeniaca L. or Prunus persica (L.)
• Cinnamon bark, ............Ceylon Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees.
• Coriander ...........Coriandrum sativum L.
• Cumin .............Cuminum cyminum L.
• Ginger ............Zingiber officinale Rosc.
• Grapefruit ..........Citrus paradisi Macf.
• Laurel leaves (Bay) ..........Laurus spp.
• Lavender ...........Lavandula officinalis Chaix.
• Lemon Citrus ..........limon (L.) Burm. f.
• Lime Citrus ...............aurantifolia Swingle.
• Mandarin Citrus ...........reticulata Blanco.
• Marjoram, sweet.............. Majorana hortensis Moench.
• Nutmeg ...........Myristica fragrans Houtt. Origanum Origanum spp.
• Parsley ............Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Mansf.
• Pepper, ...........black Piper nigrum L.
• Sage ............Salvia officinalis L.
• Rosemary .............Rosmarinus officinalis L.
• Thyme ................Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus zygis var. gracilis

Boiss.

When using essential oils in your cooking, it is important that they are 100% pure and of therapeutic grade. Essential oils are highly concentrated and, consequently, very potent, and so should also be used sparingly. The recipes below give suggested amounts, but probably the best way to establish what suits your taste is through trial and error.

Here are just a few simple ideas that you could try. Like herbs and spices, different essential oils provide good accompaniments to different ingredients. Generally, essential oils that go well with poultry include basil, dill, fennel, lemon, marjoram, mellisa, orange, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage, tarragon and thyme. For red meat, try basil, clove, dill, fennel, marjoram, mellisa, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage, tarragon and/or thyme. Essential oils that go well with fish or seafood include black pepper, fennel, lavender, lemon, lime, orange, parsley, rosemary, sage and thyme.

Meat

When cooking joints of red meat, simply add 1 drop of essential oil to a vegetable oil and brush over the meat before cooking. Essential oils can also be added to the cooking oil when browning mince meat (lamb or beef) - use 1 drop per half-kilo of meat.

For chicken, add 2 drops each of lemon and orange essential oils to 4 tablespoons of honey and 1 dessert spoon of mustard. Make a paste and brush over the chicken before grilling or baking.

Fish

Add 1 drop of essential oil to 1 tablespoon of vegetable oil. Brush over white fish steaks and grill.

Vegetables

Try stir-frying your vegetables in an essential oil (diluted 1 drop to 1 tablespoon of olive oil). Cardamon, cumin, nutmeg and ginger are good choices.

Steaming your vegetables over water containing an essential oil can also be interesting - try nutmeg and lemon for greens.

Dishes that don't require cooking

Of course, some recipes don't need 'cooking', and essential oils are ideal for this kind of thing.

Marinades

Essential oils are ideal for making marinades - simply add a few drops of your selected essential oil(s) to honey or olive oil and brush on the meat. Place oiled red meat in a bowl containing red wine, 2 cloves of garlic, 1 chopped onion and 1 drop of orange essential oil. Season and leave for up to 8 hours.

Salad dressings

Essential oils also make great salad dressings. Add 1 drop of your chosen essential oil to 10 ml of vegetable oil and/or vinegar. Basil, clove, lavender, lemon, lime, rosemary, sage and thyme are good choices for salad dressings.

Herb butter

Add 1 drop of the essential oil of your choice to 1 cube of softened butter. Mix gently and add to potatoes, other vegetables, toast...

Drinks

Citrussy oils (e.g. grapefruit, lime, lemon, mandarin, orange and tangerine) and minty oils (e.g. peppermint, spearmint and mint) can add zest to drinks of all kinds. Try adding one or two drops of a selection of essential oils to water for a simple thirst quencher.

Herbal teas: add a few drops of essential oils to boiling water: some to try are lavender, roman chamomile, peppermint, orange, tangerine and lemon.

Mulled wine: add 2 drops each of mandarin and orange essential oils and 1 drop each of clove and cinnamon to 2 tablespoons of honey. Heat 1 litre of red wine slowly, add the flavoured honey and stir. Take off the heat just before the wine starts to bubble. Serve with slices of orange and lemon.

This short article gives just a flavour (sorry!) of the uses that essential oils can be put to in the kitchen. Many more recipes are available in books and on the internet, so why not start searching now and explore the taste explosion that essential oils can provide.

Sources:

electricscotland.com/food/donna/recipe12.html

aroma-essence.com/cooking.html

zhealthinfo.com/recipes1.htm http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/fcf182.html

Worwood VA. The Fragrant Pharmacy. A complete guide to aromatherapy & essential oils. Bantam Books, 1996

Alix Williams is a regular contributor to the holistic website Aroma4u.co.uk a home based UK business providing Eco-friendly hand made Aromatherapy Stress Relieving Gifts.

Alix Williams also writes about using unique Essential Oil Gift Ideas for Stress Relief.

For more information regarding Stress related matters (stress in the Workplace), Stress Busting Gift ideas with pure Essential oils, please visit: http://www.aroma4u.co.uk

copyright 2008 Alix Williams (CUS Busting Ltd)

dehydrator

Excalibur 2900 9 Tray Dehydrator

Features of the Excalibur Model ED-2900 Dehydrator * Controlled environment for a wide variety of uses, i.e. making fruit roll-ups and trail mixes, drying flower arrangements and herbs, plus various uses for art and crafts, and photos * 9 Trays with 15 square feet of drying area * Includes 9 polyscreen tray liners * Includes 28-page dehydrating guide * 7" FAN/600 WATTS * 1-Year warranty

Sausage and mash is considered one of the best English dishes. Whatever your budget, there is a sausage out there that you can afford, that will taste delicious and that can be utilised in many ways to serve up as a reasonably impressive dish for guests or simply as an everyday meal or snack.

Sausages made from premium cuts of meat are mixed with rare spices and a degree of fat and fashioned into the typical sausage shape for those with plenty of money but if you're not wealthy then you can pop into any supermarket and pick up a packet of sausages. Sometimes the meat content is dubious and it has always been assumed that sausages are made up of the dregs of an animal that can't be used for any other purpose. But this isn't always so and manufacturers are making more effort these days to fill sausages with better quality meat.

Sausages with vegetables, Yorkshire puddings and gravy, sausage and mash with liquor, sausage and chips or sausage and chips, even vegetarian sausages - mix it up any way you like but there will be a sausage to suit.

Nowadays, we have food processing equipment that makes the whole sausage making procedure swift and easy. Meat is automatically ground down to the correct consistency, mixed with fillers, spices and fat and fed through into skins and they are even divided into 'links' by the same machine. But it hasn't always been like this.

Sausages are not a modern food. Records date back to 500bc of kitchens that produced sausages in one form or another. People took great care in the mixing of special spices and the rarer the spice the better the sausage was considered to be. Of course, back then food processing equipment consisted of butchers who would create everything from the sausage skin to stuffing methods and sausage making became quite an art.

Early American colonies were fond of sausages because meat was an expensive commodity and they were instructed to use every part of the animal except the snout. To do this, they would use up the intestines, bladders, uterus, stomach and all parts of the pig to grind down, mix with spice and then cover with a layer of melted fat. This produced a sausage that could then be smoked and thus preserved, lasting for quite some time in cold cellars and providing family food for months.

Smoked sausages were also a favourite with soldiers. These were one of the few foods that they could be sure wouldn't go off too quickly and would provide, in their basic form, a pretty good source of sustenance. They would also have taken black pudding, which is a form of sausage made from pigs blood and this is still a popular dish today, proving further that no part of an animal is wasted.

Over the years, people have found ways round the fact that food processing equipment had yet to be invented. Sausage fillers were made from funnel shaped objects and these made the whole process a little easier as the less handling of the delicate sausage skins, the better. One of the most frustrating things about making a sausage would have been the splitting of the skin whilst filling as this skin not only acted as a way of holding the contents together but would also have been used as a preservative.

So, whatever the method, whatever the animal part, whatever the spice and whatever the price, there is a way for everybody to enjoy sausages.

Culinary expert Catherine Harvey looks at how sausage making is so much easier with the use of food processing equipment and how they did it in the early days.

dehydrator